From contemplative minimalism to present-day ambient music.
La Monte Young, Reich, Glass, and Riley rediscover repetition as meditation; Pärt and Górecki bring the sacred back to modernity.
Brian Eno pioneers ambient music and sound design; Ryuichi Sakamoto blends electronics, ecology, and memory.
From the soundscapes of minimalists and neoclassicists, we move toward new digital aesthetics: Jon Hopkins, Sigur Rós, múm, and Radiohead expand the emotional and sensory horizon of listening, merging electronics, glitch, introspection, and environmental vision.